Stress-Strain Relationships of Lightweight Concrete Containing Nano Silica and Steel Fibers under Compressive Cyclic Loading

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Saroyeh Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran

2 University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

Abstract

Modelling and simulation of the response of a structure under different conditions requires statistical data from the material behavior. Concrete, as a non-homogenous material has a complex behavior pattern. The loading condition and the ingredients of mix compositions affect the concrete behavior. In order to accurately predict the structural response of concrete members by finite element analysis, the effect of materials used on the behavior of concrete under various loading conditions should be determined. Hence, this research investigates the improvement of the material properties of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) for structural applications and deals with the effects of nano-silica (NS) and steel fibers on the compressive behaviour of LWAC under cyclic loading. The key parameters of compressive stress-strain curve under cyclic loading, namely reloading and unloading curves, common point, plastic strain, unloading and reloading strains were investigated. Results showed that the cyclic compressive behavior of lightweight concrete was affected by nano-silica and fiber reinforcement. According to the experimental findings, empirical stress- strain models were proposed considering the effects of NS and steel fiber to simulate the structural behavior of concrete. The comparative studies indicated an acceptable agreement between the experimental data and proposed models for cyclic compressive stress-strain curve.

Keywords


[1] Hassanpour, M., Shafigh, P. and Mahmud, H.B. "Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Fiber Reinforcement–A Review", Construction and Building Materials, 37, 452-461, 2012.
[2] Choi, J., Zi, G., Hino, S., Yamaguchi, K. and Kim, S. "Influence of Fiber Reinforcement on Strength and Toughness of All-lightweight Concrete", Construction and Building Materials, 69, 381-389, 2014.
[3] Birgisson, B., Mukhopadhyay, A., Geary, G., Khan, M. and Sobolev, K. "Nanotechnology in Concrete Materials", Transportation Research Circular, 2012.
[4] Kawashima, S., Hou, P., Corr, D.J. and Shah, S.P. "Modification of Cement-Based Materials with Nanoparticles", Cement and Concrete Composites, 36, 8-15, 2013.
[5] Reches, Y. "Nanoparticles as Concrete Additives: Review and Perspectives", Construction and Building Materials, 175, 483-495, 2018.
[6] Balapour, M., Joshaghani, A. and Althoey, F. "Nano-SiO2 Contribution to Mechanical, Durability, Fresh and Microstructural Characteristics of Concrete: A Review", Construction and Building Materials, 181, 27-41, 2018.
 [7] Yu, R., Tang, P., Spiesz, P. and Brouwers, H.J.H. "A Study of Multiple Effects of Nano-Silica and Hybrid Fibres on The Properties of Ultra-High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) Incorporating Waste Bottom Ash (WBA) ", Construction and Building Materials, 60, 98-110, 2014.
[8] Almusallam, T.H. and Alsayed, S.H. "Stress-Strain Relationship of Normal, High-Strength and Lightweight Concrete", Magazine of Concrete Research, 47:170, 39-44, 1995.
[9] Tasnimi, A.A. "Mathematical Model for Complete Stress–Strain Curve Prediction of Normal, Light-Weight and High-Strength Concretes", Magazine of Concrete Research, 56:1, 23-34, 2004.
[10] Sinha, B.P., Gerstle, K.H. and Tulin, L.G. "Stress-strain Relations for Concrete under Cyclic Loading", In Journal Proceedings, 61: 2, 195-212, 1964.
[11] Karsan, I.D. and Jirsa, J.O. "Behavior of Concrete under Compressive Loadings", Journal of the Structural Division, 1969.
[12] Bahn, B.Y. and Hsu, C.T.T. "Stress-strain Behavior of Concrete under Cyclic Loading", Materials Journal, 95:2, 178-193, 1998.
[13] Palermo, D. and Vecchio, F.J. "Compression Field Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Subjected to Reversed Loading: Formulation", Structural Journal, 100:5, 616-625, 2003.
[14] Sima, J.F., Roca, P. and Molins, C. "Cyclic Constitutive Model for Concrete", Engineering Structures, 30:3, 695-706, 2008.
[15] Li, B., Xu, L., Chi, Y., Huang, B. and Li, C. "Experimental Investigation on The Stress-strain Behavior of Steel Fiber reinforced Concrete Subjected to Uniaxial Cyclic Compression", Construction and Building Materials, 140, 109-118, 2017.
[17] ASTM C330. "Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete", American Society for Testing and Materials, 2017.
[18] Saman Cement Company, http://www.samancement.com/.
[19] Construction Chemicals Manufactures, https://www.abadgarangroup.net./
[22] مبحث نهم مقررات ملی ساختمان، طرح و اجرای ساختمان­های بتن آرمه، دفتر تدوین و ترویج مقررات ملی، 1392.
[23] ACI 211.2-04. "Standard Practice for Selecting Proportions for Structural Lightweight Concrete", Farmington Hills, American Concrete Institute, 2004.
[24] دباغ، ه. اکبرپور، س. "رفتار بتن سبک سازه­ای حاوی نانوسیلیس و الیاف فولادی تحت اثر بارگذاری یکنواخت فشاری"، مجله تحقیقات بتن، سال دهم، شماره اول، ص 46-35، 1396.
[25] دباغ، ه و اکبرپور، س. "اثر نانوسیلیس و الیاف فولادی بر رفتار خمشی تیرهای بتن مسلح سبک"، رساله دکتری عمران-سازه، دانشگاه کردستان، 1397.
[26] ASTM C39, "Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens", West Conshohocken, American Society for Testing and Materials, 2018.
[27] ASTM C617, "Standard Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens", West Conshohocken, American Society for Testing and Materials, 2015.