Assessment of elevated temperature curing on compressive strength and setting time of alkali activated slag mortar and paste, associated with silica fume

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of civil Engineering, Arak Branch, Islamin Azad University, Arak, Iran

2 Buali Sina University

3 Department of Civil Engineering. Arak Branch Islamic. Azad University. Arak. Iran

Abstract

Use alkali activated slag as a replacement of OPC, in spite of preference for purpose of some properties, like mechanical strength and durability of concrete or mortar against aggressive environmental conditions, has some problems like short setting time, high contraction and inconstant chemical composition. To improve the setting time and compressive strength of alkali activated slag (AAS) based paste and mortar, this research carried out to investigate the synergic effect of using Silica Fume (SF) and elevated temperature on setting time and compressive strength of AAS paste and mortar by substitution of SF at 0 ‌w%, 5w% and 10w% of slag and elevated temperature curing at 40˚C, 60˚C and 80˚C. Combination of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide was applied for activation of slag. The concentration of sodium hydroxide solution was 4M and the ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium silicate was 3 and the ratio of alkaline solution to slag was 0.45. Curing temperature at 80˚C had the highest compressive strength, and the lowest setting time among the made mortars and pastes. On the other hand, 5w% replacement of silica fume, was the best choice for compressive strength aspect, and 10w% replacement represented the longest setting time. In terms of the synergic effect of substitution of slag with silica fume and heat treatment, with desirability of longer setting time, the substitution of 5w% silica fume, conjoint with 40˚C heat curing, yielded the optimum results. The obtained resultants, was verified by means of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) pictures.

Keywords

References

[1] Ramezanianpour A.A., Moeini M.A., Mechanical and durability properties of alkali activated slag coating mortars containing nanosilica and silica fume, Construction and Building Materials, 163, pp 611-621, 2018.
[2] Saggaf, A.alkhaff, A Review of Underground Building Towards Thermal Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Development, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 60, pp 692-713, 2016
[3] Nasr D., Pakshir A.H., Ghayour H., The influence of curing conditions and alkaline activator concentration on elevated temperature behavior of alkali activated slag (AAS) mortars, Construction and Building Materials, 190, pp 108-119, 2018.
[4]  JordiPaya, Agrela F., Rosales J., Morales M.M. and Borrachero M.V., Application of alkali-activated industrial waste, New Trends in Eco-efficient and Recycled Concrete, Chapter: 13, 2018.
[5] Rostami M., Behfarnia K., The effect of silica fume on durability of alkali activated slag concrete, Construction and Building Materials, 134, pp 262-268, 2017.
[6] Garcia-Lodeiro I., Fernandez-Jimenez A., Palomo A., Low environmental impact hybrid cement: reducing clinker content, ALCONPAT Journal, 5, pp 1-15, 2015.
[7] Tänzer R., Yu Jin, Stephan D., Effect of the inherent alkalis of alkali activated slag on the risk of alkali silica reaction, Cement and Concrete Research, 98, pp 82-90, 2017.
[8] Shi C., Fernandez Jimenez A., Palomo A., New cement for the 21st century: The pursuit of an alternative to Portland cement, Cement and Concrete Research, 41, pp 750-763, 2011.
[9] Yuksel I., Waste and Supplementary Materials in Concrete, Chapter: 12, 2018.
[10] Tole I., Rajczakowska M., Kothari A. and Cwirzen A., Geopolymer Based on Mechanically Activated Air-Cooled Blast Furnace Slag, materials, 13, 1134, 2020.
[11] Aydin S., Baradan B., Mechanical and microstructural properties of heat cured alkali-activated slag mortars, Materials and Design, 35, pp 374-383, 2012.
[12] Yoon H.N., Park S.M., Lee H.K.,  Effect of MgO on chloride penetration resistance of alkali-activated binder, Construction and Building Materials, 178, pp 584-592, 2018.
[13] Gebregziabiher B.S., Thomas R.J., Peethamparan S., Temperature and activator effect on early-age reaction kinetics of alkali-activated slag binders, Construction and Building Materials, 113, pp 783-793, 2016.
[14] Ellis K., Silvestrini R., Varela B., Alharbi N., Modeling setting time and compressive strength in sodium carbonate activated blast furnace slag mortars using statistical mixture design, Cement and Concrete Composites, 74, pp 1-6, 2016.
[15] El-Yamany H.E., El-Salamawy M.A., El-Assal N.T., Microstructure and mechanical properties of alkali-activated slag mortar modified with latex, Construction and Building Materials, 191, pp 32-38, 2018.
[16] Awoyera P., Adesina A., A critical review on application of alkali activated slag as a sustainable composite binder, Case Studies in Construction Materials, 11, e00268, 2019.
[17] Rostami M., Behfarnia K., Effect of micro and nanoparticles of SiO2 on the permeability of alkali activated slag concrete, Construction and Building Materials, 131, pp 206-213, 2017.
[18] Chandra S., Berntsson L., Use of Silica Fume in Concrete, Waste Materials Used in Concrete Manufacturing, Chapter: 9, 1996.
[19] Narimani Zamanabadi S., Zareei S.A., Shoaei P., Ameri F., Ambient-cured alkali-activated slag paste incorporating micro-silica as repair material: Effect of alkali activator solution on physical and mechanical properties, Construction and Building Materials, 229, 116911, 2019.
[20] Moeini M.A., Bagheri M., Joshaghani A., Ramezanianpour A.A., Moodi F., Feasibility of Alkali Activated Slag Paste as Injection Material for Rehabilitation of Concrete Structures, J. Matter. Civ. Eng., 30(10), 04018252, 2018.
[21] Aliques-Granero J., Tohoue Tognonvi M., Tagnit-Hamou A., Durability study of AAMs: Sulfate attack resistance, Construction and Building Materials, 229, 117100, 2019.
[22] Rakhimova N.R. and Rakhimov R.Z., Alkali-Activated Slag-Blended Cements with Silica Supplementary Materials, Inorganic Materials, 48(9), pp 960-964, 2012.
[23] Bakharev T., Sanjayan J.G., Cheng Y.-B., Effect of elevated temperature curing on properties of alkali-activated slag concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 29, pp 1619-1625, 1999.
[24] Aliabdo A.A., Abd Elmoaty A.M., Emam M.A., Factors affecting the mechanical properties of alkali activated ground granulated blast furnace slag concrete, Construction and Building Materials, 197, pp 339-355, 2019.
[25] El-Feky M.S., Kohail M., El-Tair A.M., Serag M.I., Effect of microwave curing as compared with conventional regimes on the performance of alkali activated slag pastes, Construction and Building Materials, 233, 117268, 2020.
[26] C. Bilim, O. Karahan, C.D. Atiș and S.Ilkentapar, Effects of Chemical Admixtures and Curing Conditions on some Properties of Alkali-Activated Cementless Slag Mixtures, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 0, 1-9, 2015.
[27] M. Chi, J.Chang and R. Huang, Strength and Drying Shrinkage of Alkali-Activated Slag Paste and Mortar, Advances in Civil Engineering, 579732, 1-7, 2012.
[28] ASTM C778-17, Standard Specification for Standard Sand, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2017.
[29] ASTM C109 / C109M-20b, Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube Specimens), ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2020.
[30] Rashad A.M., A comprehensive overview about the influence of different additives on the properties of alkali-activated slag – A guide for Civil Engineer, Construction and Building Materials, 47, pp 29-55, 2013.
 [31] ASTM C191-19, Standard Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2019.
[32] Bernal S.A., Mejia de Gutierrez R., Provis J.L., Engineering and durability properties of concretes based on alkali-activated granulated blast furnace slag/metakaolin blends, Construction and Building Materials, 33, pp 99-108, 2012.
[33] Komljenović M., Handbook of Alkali-activated Cements, Mortars and Concretes, University of Belgerade, Belgrade, Serbia, Chapter: 7
[34] Elyamany H.E., Abd Elmoaty A.M., Elshaboury A.M., Setting time and 7-day strength of geopolymer mortar with various binders, Construction and Building Materials, 187, pp 974-983, 2018.
[35] Noushini A., Castel A., The effect of heat curing on transport properties of low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete, Construction and Building Materials, 112, pp 464-477, 2016.
[36] Rashad A.M., Khalil M.H., A preliminary study of alkali-activated slag blended with silica fume under the effect of thermal loads and thermal shock cycles, Construction and Building Materials, 40, pp 522-532, 2013.
[37] Rajarajeswari A., Dhinakaran G., Compressive strength of GGBFS based GPC under thermal curing, Construction and Building Materials, 126, pp 552-559, 2016.
[38] Chang J.J., A study on setting characteristics of sodium silicate-activated slag pastes, Cement and Concrete Research, 33, pp 1005-1011, 2003.
[39] McCarthy M.J., Dyer T.D., Lea’s Chemistry of Cement and Concrete, Chapter: 9, 2019.
Concrete Research
Volume 13, Issue 4 - Serial Number 32
January 2021
Pages 111-121

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics